Minimum Intersection Self-Pruning Algorithm for ＂UWSN＂ Strong ＂DAD＂ Protocol

Abstract

Underwater sensor network (＂UWSN＂) is an emerging networking technique that has attracted attention in the recent years. ＂UWSN＂s can be explained as an extension of the concept of terrestrial sensor networks in ocean applications and make it easy for humans to sense and monitor the unexplored underwater domain of the earth. Unlike terrestrial ad-hoc networks, a ＂UWSN＂ confronts the challenges of high propagation delay, uncontrollable variations in node locations, varying network topology, and frequent loss of connectivity because of underwater currents. In this paper, we propose the ＂maximum intersection self-pruning＂ (＂MISP＂) algorithm to minimize broadcasting redundancy in ＂UWSN＂. In addition, a numerical analysis of 2D and 3D networks has been conducted where a 3D network increases the transmission power or moves the nodes in order to have the same number of construction nodes in a corresponding 2D network. To evaluate performance in terms of the link error probability, P_e, an enhancement was achieved by computing the proposed retransmission limit, S, for error recovery on the basis of this probability. The proposed algorithm, MISP, reduced the total energy consumption by 256%, 189%, 137%, and 28% compared with the ＂blind flooding＂ (BF), ＂self-pruning＂ (SP), optimized link state routing (OLSR), and dominant pruning (DP) algorithms in the case of the ＂UWSN＂, respectively. Further, the message complexity of MISP reduced by 90%, 69%, 53%, and 12% compared with the ＂BF＂, ＂SP＂, ＂OLSR＂, and ＂DP＂ algorithms, respectively.